Ngomhla wama-28 ku-Epreli, uMphathiswa wezeMali kunye noLawulo lweRhafu yeSizwe bakhuphe iSibhengezo seSebe lezeMali kunye noLawulo lweRhafu yeSizwe malunga nokupheliswa kwezaphulelo zeRhafu zokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kweeMveliso ezithile zeNsimbi nezeNsimbi (eza kubizwa ngokuba yiSibhengezo). Ukususela ngomhla woku-1 kuMeyi 2021, izaphulelo zerhafu zokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kweemveliso ezithile zentsimbi ziya kurhoxiswa. Kwangaxeshanye, iKhomishini yeRhafu yeBhunga leSizwe ikhuphe isaziso, ukususela ngomhla woku-1 kuMeyi 2021, sokulungisa iirhafu zezinye iimveliso zentsimbi.
Ukupheliswa kwezaphulelo zerhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle kubandakanya iikhowudi zerhafu ezili-146 zeemveliso zentsimbi, ngelixa iikhowudi zerhafu ezingama-23 zeemveliso ezinexabiso eliphezulu nezongezelelekileyo zigcinwa. Umzekelo, thabatha ukuthunyelwa kwentsimbi eTshayina ngonyaka kwiitoni ezingama-53.677 ezigidi ngo-2020. Ngaphambi kohlengahlengiso, malunga ne-95% yomthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle (iitoni ezingama-51.11 ezigidi) zamkele izinga lezaphulelo zokuthumela ngaphandle eliyi-13%. Emva kohlengahlengiso, malunga ne-25% (iitoni ezili-13.58 ezigidi) yezaphulelo zerhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle ziya kugcinwa, ngelixa i-70% eseleyo (iitoni ezingama-37.53 ezigidi) iya kurhoxiswa.
Kwangaxeshanye, sihlengahlengise iirhafu kwezinye iimveliso zentsimbi nezentsimbi, saza sasebenzisa amaxabiso exeshana angenazo zonke iirhafu zokungenisa impahla kwisinyithi sehagu, isinyithi esikrwada, izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zentsimbi, i-ferrochrome kunye nezinye iimveliso. Siza kunyusa ngokufanelekileyo iirhafu zokuthumela impahla ngaphandle kwisinyithi sehagu i-ferrosilica, i-ferrochrome kunye nesinyithi sehagu esicocekileyo kakhulu, kwaye sisebenzise izinga lerhafu yokuthumela impahla ngaphandle elilungisiweyo le-25%, izinga lerhafu yokuthumela impahla ngaphandle le-20% kunye nezinga lerhafu yokuthumela impahla ngaphandle le-15% ngokulandelelana.
Ishishini lesinyithi nentsimbi laseTshayina libe kukuhlangabezana neemfuno zasekhaya nokuxhasa uphuhliso loqoqosho lwesizwe njengeyona njongo iphambili, kunye nokugcina inani elithile leemveliso zesinyithi ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ukuze zithathe inxaxheba kukhuphiswano lwamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba elitsha lophuhliso, ukuphumeza ingcamango entsha yophuhliso kunye nokwakha iphethini entsha yophuhliso, urhulumente uhlengahlengise imigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu yokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle kwezinye iimveliso zesinyithi. Njengomdibaniso wemigaqo-nkqubo yokunciphisa ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwamaxabiso esinyithi, ukulawula amandla emveliso kunye nokunciphisa imveliso, lukhetho olucwangcisiweyo olwenziwe ngurhulumente emva kokulinganisela ngokubanzi kunye nesidingo esitsha senqanaba elitsha lophuhliso. Kwimeko "yencopho yekhabhoni, i-carbon neutral", ejongene nemeko entsha yokukhula kwemfuno yemarike yasekhaya, imida yezixhobo kunye nokusingqongileyo, kunye neemfuno zophuhliso oluluhlaza, ukulungiswa komgaqo-nkqubo wokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle kwesinyithi kugxininisa ukuqhelaniswa komgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe.
Okokuqala, kuluncedo ukwandisa ukungeniswa kwezixhobo zesinyithi. Irhafu yexeshana yokungenisa ngaphandle iya kusetyenziswa kwisinyithi sehagu, isinyithi esikrwada kunye nezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zesinyithi. Ukunyusa ngokufanelekileyo irhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle kwi-ferrosilica, i-ferrochrome kunye nezinye iimveliso kuya kunceda ukunciphisa iindleko zokungenisa iimveliso eziphambili. Ukungeniswa kwezi mveliso kulindeleke ukuba kwande kwixesha elizayo, kuncede ekunciphiseni ukuxhomekeka kwisinyithi esingeniswayo.
Okwesibini, ukuphucula ubudlelwane phakathi kokunikezelwa kwentsimbi kunye nentsimbi yasekhaya kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwayo. Ukurhoxiswa kwezaphulelo zerhafu zeemveliso zentsimbi ngokubanzi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-146, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe we-2020 we-37.53 yezigidi zeetoni, kuya kukhuthaza ukuthunyelwa kwezi mveliso kwimarike yasekhaya, kwandise ukunikezelwa kwentsimbi yasekhaya kwaye kuncede ukuphucula ubudlelwane phakathi kokunikezelwa kwentsimbi yasekhaya kunye nemfuno. Oku kukwakhuphele kushishino lwentsimbi ukuze kuthintelwe isignali yokuthunyelwa kwentsimbi ngokubanzi, kukhuthaze amashishini entsimbi ukuba athathe indawo kwimarike yasekhaya.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Julayi-09-2021